It may seem alien, but think about this the next time you enjoy a scallop or a clam: they might be looking back at you. Some species have tens of tiny eyes which line the edges of their characteristic shells. Unlike almost all other adult bivalves, scallops and clams can grow eyes which use a unique…
Category: Anatomy Snippet
Water molecule tracking reveals intricate muscle patterns in a tiny heart
The fibres of a mouse heart resemble a neat bird’s nest structure, but their specific orientations and interactions come together to drive blood around the body. The individual muscle strands were visualised using diffusion tensor imaging, which essentially tracks the movement of water molecules through single cells, revealing their position, size and shape. The pattern of…
Photographer captures turtle skeleton and discovers a clutch of eggs
Ted Kinsman, professor of photographic sciences at the Rochester Institute of Technology, found this unfortunate expired snapping turtle at the roadside and made it the subject of his next project. What he didn’t expect was to discover a clutch of eggs within, revealed by X-ray. Turtles may have carry up to 30 fertilised eggs from…
#fossilfriday: Head of Romundina , a 415 million year-old fish, gives glimpse into jaw evolution.
One of the most significant evolutionary innovations in early vertebrates was the jaw. Jawless fishes such as lampreys and hagfish have rows of teeth around the mouth opening which are used to rasp at prey, whereas most modern jawed fish and other vertebrates (collectively Gnathostomes) have an upper and lower jaw, with the lower jaw usually…
Sections through tough wombat femur show possible adaptation to digging.
Wombats are marsupial mammals that are only found in Australia. They are fossorial and dig out extensive networks of burrows. Wombats have a variety of adaptations to this lifestyle, which is energetically demanding and unusual in marsupials, including a unique backwards-facing pouch to prevent young being smothered with dirt while digging. This lovely section, which represents a…
It’s a leap day! Frog hoppers accelerate at equivalent to more than 500g to beat nature’s high jump record
Although the flea is well-known for being the greatest animal high-jumper, researchers have demonstrated that the frog hopper could steal the crown for insect acrobatics. Compared to the previous title-holders, frog hoppers take off almost five times faster, exerting a force equivalent to over 400 times their own body-weight where the flea produces around 135…
Glyptodonts may have evolved neck protection in response to new sabre-toothed predators
Glyptodonts are an extinct group of large mammals which were reasonably common across South (and later, Central) America during the Pleistocene era. These large herbivores resembled ankylosaurs and armadillos, to the latter of which they are close relatives. They could be the size of a small car, with short legs and a fairly squat posture….
Dragonfly eyes detect up to 30 different ‘colours’
Our retinas contain four different types of light-sensing photoreceptor cells: rods, which detect low levels of light, and three cone cell types which detect red, blue and green wavelengths of light. These allow us to see in (relative) black and white when it’s dark, and in vibrant colour when it’s lighter. The wavelengths that different animals…
Section through a mouse vertebra
Section through the centre of a mouse vertebra, image courtesy of Michael Paul Nelson and Samantha Smith from the Nikon Small World competition.
#fossilfriday: Preserved brain visible in 520 million year-old arthropod
Almost all fossils represent the hard parts of long-gone animals: teeth, shells, bones and others. But palaeontologists do occasionally find fossilised soft tissue, too. This remarkable fossil was the first to be described where the brain and parts of the nervous system are visible – astonishingly – after more than 500 million years! Fuxianhuia protensa, an ancient…
Stunning X-ray still life images show skeletal adaptations in life poses
Seeing the skeleton in action can give viewers a very different perspective on adaptation and evolution, and most museums endeavour to pose their exhibits in real life position. This can be tricky, reassembling the bones and trying to give a realistic impression of total body shape and size beyond the skeleton itself. These images, from…
Ernst Haeckel: Happy birthday to one of the greatest scientific illustrators
To continue with another biological birthday, today would have been Ernst Haeckel’s 182nd celebration. Haeckel is undoubtedly one of the most talented and influential illustrators in the history of biology, and produced beautiful images for many zoological and botanical works of great importance including ‘The Art Forms of Nature’. This drawing, of the Peromedusae (jellyfish) demonstrates…
Anatomy To You 